SOPHIE CHOTEK:
THE SHUNNED DUCHESS
While Sophie Chotek’s youth was one of privilege,
palaces, servants and dances, her later years were filled with rejection and
frustration. Born in Stuttgart, Germany
in 1868, Sophie was the daughter of the Count of Hohenberg, which was a small
area near what is now the German/Czech border. Sophie’s high-ranking status
gave her access to meeting royalty, including Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the
royal prince and heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
It’s believed the Archduke met Sophie at a ball in Prague
in 1894. Franz was smitten by Sophie’s beauty, and the couple fell in
love. Theirs was a clandestine courtship,
and it was kept secret for good reason. When their engagement was finally announced,
the news created a huge scandal. Although
Sophie’s family tree included nobility that could be traced back to the 18th
century, her blood wasn’t “royal enough,” simply because none of her ancestors had
been of “dynastic status.” In other words, there were no kings in her
bloodline. The Archduke’s uncle, Emperor Franz Joseph, ruler of Austria, King
of Hungary and Bohemia, intervened, forbidding the couple to marry.
Infuriated by his uncle’s proclamation against
Sophie, Archduke Franz was determined to spend his life with the woman he
loved. On July 1, 1900, after suffering
humiliation and denouncement by her husband’s family and the members of the
Imperial Court, Sophie married Franz. Very few of the nobles attended the
ceremony, including Franz Ferdinand’s own brothers.
Shortly before the wedding took place, Sophie had to
sign legal documents acknowledging that she would never be Empress or hold a
high-ranking title. She eventually received the lower-level title of Duchess of
Hohenberg, despite the fact that one day, when the aging Emperor Franz Joseph
died, her husband would become the new Emperor.
Throughout their fourteen-year marriage, the couple continued
to be shunned by most of the royal courts of Europe. We can only imagine how
she felt about being prohibited from accompanying her husband on official
trips, riding with him in the Imperial carriage, or standing beside him at most
functions. As if it wasn’t enough to
punish the Duchess for lacking the appropriate royal blood, none of the
couple’s three children or their descendants would ever be allowed to acquire
any royal titles.
Ironically, it was the United Kingdom’s King George
V and Queen Mary who finally welcomed the Archduke and Duchess Sophie at
Windsor Castle in November of 1913. Were
the British King and Queen reaching out to the future rulers of Germany’s
biggest allies (the multitude of smaller countries that once made up the Austro-Hungarian
Empire) at a time when so many European royals had rudely rejected Franz and
Sophie?
THE END OF THE LOVE STORY
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was disliked immensely by
his uncle, the Emperor. Not only did he marry Sophie, going against the
Emperor’s direct orders, his nephew, Franz, had very different political
ideals. The Archduke was reformist who
planned to ease the tensions between countries included in the realm. There was
so much political unrest in Europe by 1912, the entire area of today’s Balkan
region was like a powder keg just waiting to be ignited.
On June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was
invited to Sarajevo, the provincial capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Normally, Sophie’s lower rank would prevent
her from accompanying her husband on any official visit. However, the Archduke insisted that Sophie be
allowed to attend the dedication of the new museum with him. The couple rode together through the streets
of Sarajevo in an open-topped touring car unaware of the impending danger. Minutes later a man in the crowd threw a
grenade at the Archduke’s automobile. Spotting the explosive device hurling in
their direction, their driver sped up the vehicle. The grenade landed under the
official car behind them and blew up, seriously injuring a number of
people.
Believing the danger had passed, Franz and Sophie
were driven to City Hall for an official reception. When Franz insisted he wanted to visit the
wounded in the hospital, he was warned that it was still quite risky, as no one
knew how many men were involved in the plot to assassinate him. Still, the Archduke wanted to go, though he
told Sophie that she should remain at City Hall. Duchess Sophie refused to stay behind,
arguing that if her husband was going to expose himself in public again, she
would be at his side.
That was a fatal mistake. On their way to Sarajevo Hospital, a
teenager, a radical Serbian named Gavrilo Princip, stepped towards the Imperial
automobile, aimed his gun and fired twice at close range. Sophie was shot in the stomach, and Franz was
struck in the neck. Reportedly, Franz
begged his dying wife to live for their children’s sake. Sadly, they were both dead within the hour.
UNIMAGINABLE CONSEQUENCES
For decades, the political climate in this part of
Europe had been shaky. War was inevitable,
and the assassination of the Archduke and Sophie was likely the catalyst to the
events that would trigger World War I, resulting in the deaths of more than 17
million people.
In one final insult to Duchess Sophie, her earthly
remains weren’t allowed to be entombed in the Imperial crypt. Aware of this situation before his death, Archduke
Franz Ferdinand had left instructions that he be interred
beside his beloved wife at Artstetten Castle northwest of Vienna. Because she could never be considered his
equal in life and in death, Sophie was placed on a bier 18” lower than the
Archduke’s.
I found it terribly disturbing that Sophie is rarely
mentioned in books about World War I.
That’s why I decided to write this Blog article focusing on Sophie,
rather than her famous husband. For the most part, Duchess Sophie has been
forgotten…until now.
